This paper addresses the pricing issues of distribution networks and charging stations (CSs) simultaneously, proposing a bilevel noncooperative pricing methodology that considers traffic flow, power flow, and renewable energy integration.
A centralized bilevel charging strategy for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) was presented in , aiming to coordinate the charging behavior from both spatial and temporal viewpoints. This strategy considered the benefits for the grid and EV users simultaneously.
The authors in developed a centralized charging strategy for battery swapping stations (BSSs) using an improved population-based heuristic algorithm. It took into account the optimal charging priority and locations of EVs based on spot pricing and minimized the total charging cost and impacts on power quality.
A dynamic charging price demand function was proposed in to guide EV users to strategically choose the fast-charging stations while considering multiple demands of EVs, CSs, and the distribution network. The authors in built a hierarchical game model to jointly settle the problem of CSs pricing and EV charging decisions.
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With their onboard battery, EVs can relocate energy supply spatially and temporally. In this study, we envision that the future deployment of bidirectional charging lanes is capable …
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We propose a multi-type bidirectional power transfer network and minimize the system cost by determining facility siting and pricing, which can be modeled as a bi-level …
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The bidirectional EV charger power module market is poised for significant growth, driven by the accelerating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the increasing demand for …
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Results demonstrate that the proposed dynamic price of the game (DPG) significantly enhances the EV charging market environment compared to traditional time-of-use tariffs or flat rates.
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To validate this pricing methodology, an integrated traffic and power distribution network testbed based on the Dublin area was established. Results demonstrate that the …
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Other strategies with more constraints and in different settings indicate somewhat to significantly lower revenues and higher emissions. Sensitivity analysis shows that charging …
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